How The Brain Works Or How It Is Connected - 1347 Words

Have you ever wondered how the brain works or how it is connected? Outside the brain may just appear to be a handful of pink and gray muscle, however, as you enter the human brain, it unveils an extremely complex circuit, connecting you with the rest of your body, the brain contains almost 100,00 miles of blood vessels and billions of cells. The brain is a library of information, remembering information and processing it as quick as 11 million bits per second (The Human Brain). The brain is a very copious system made of four lobes which dictate emotions, thoughts, skills and actions. To begin with, the brain is split into four different lobes, the Occipital, Temporal, Parietal, and Frontal lobes (Parts of the Brain). The Occipital lobe†¦show more content†¦Weighing at 2% of our body mass, the adult brain weighs 1300 grams. The chimpanzee is the closest animal relative to the human, around 98% of the DNA in our genes can be traced back to chimps (Who am I?). When it comes to the chimp’s brain it weighs 420 grams, nearly two-thirds smaller than the humans brain. The largest land animal, the African Elephant, has a brain nearly four and a half times larger at 6000 grams, which in contrast should mean they have a higher brain function, which may be true but logically we know is false. The African Elephant and other species have been around longer than the human race and should have adapted such as the human species did with technological and physical evolution adaptations. Even though our brain is not the largest, we can conclude that there is somethi ng special when it comes to the human brain.â€Å"One general law, leading to the advancement of all organic beings, namely multiply, vary, let the strongest live and the weakest die.† (Charles Darwin). We cannot fully understand why humans progress when it comes to evolution, but we can see that humans are the superior species. If our brains are not the largest, why are we superior? When the brain’s cells divide and grow at a rapid rate and cannot be controlled or replaced after they die our brain often develops a growth or tumor. There are three categories that tumors fall into benign (not

Diversity As A Ethical Imperative Essay - 1037 Words

Introduction This paper will include a statement policy that will summarize diversity as a ethical imperative. There will be a secular and biblical policy that explains diversity as a ethical imperative. Diversity is important in an organization and in order to sustain a ethical culture, it is in the company’s best interest to create a diverse workplace. In addition to the statement policy, this paper will consist of what the majority decides is important in reference to diversity in an organization and will mention the benefits of embracing diversity. In order to draw the most important resources and skills of the workforce a organization needs to expand their outlook and use creative strategies to be successful. This paper explains why it is in a organization’s best interest to create a diverse culture in the workplace. What is Diversity? All characteristics and experiences that define all people as individuals is the very definition of diversity. A common mistaken belief about diversity is that a particular people or group belongs in the same category, according to U.S. Department of Commerce (1999) this is untrue. Diversity includes many dimensions of an individual consisting of race, ethnicity, gender, age, religion, disability, and sexual orientation (Commerce Government, 1999). Another aspect of diversity is financial status, communication style, organizational role, and geographical origin with each of us having our own unique trait. Research indicatesShow MoreRelatedDiversity Is An Ethical Imperative For Any Organization944 Words   |  4 Pagesa. Diversity is an ethical imperative for any organization; it is â€Å"A major local, national, and international challenge and an opportunity for every human being if we are to live in a peaceful and healthy world†. 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Concept of Employee Retention-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss the concept of employee retention and employee turnover in the light of the business process of merger and integration. Answer: Introduction The diversification of the business world has much affected the employee retention policies of the various business organizations (James Mathew, 2012). In the opinion of many people the various employees related to a particular business organization are the primary building blocks of the concerned business organizations and therefore the primary focus of the majority of the business organizations is on the retention of the skilled as well as talented employees (James Mathew, 2012). However, in the present times it is seen that the employee turnover rates have increased significantly due to various reasons like the lack of job satisfaction, the various policies followed by the business organizations and others (Hancock et al., 2013). This report will discuss about the concept of employee retention and employee turnover especially in the context of the various collaborations under taken by the diverse business organizations. The report will also discuss about the concepts of merger a nd the phase of integration which follows immediately after this particular phase. Conflicting values at stake Conflicts are a common part of most of present day business organizations and the conflicts can be of several types like the conflicts on the score of the cultural factors, conflicts on the score of the social difference factors and others (James Mathew, 2012). However, one of the most common conflicts which most of the modern day business organizations in the present day is the conflict on the score of the employees retention and employee turnover (Hancock et al., 2013). The major conflicting situation which is being discussed in this particular case study is problem of employee retention during the process of collaboration with the other companies (Light, 2018). For example, in this particular case study the pharmaceutical companies DeWaal Pharmaceuticals and BioHealth Labs are planning to have collaboration with each for the sake of the enhancement of the business of both the business organizations (Light, 2018). It is significant to note one the news of this merger reached the m edia and headlines were made with the news the real work of the collaboration began (Light, 2018). The top employees of both the organizations wanted to play the lead role in the process. It is significant to note that the owner of the company DeWaal Pharmaceuticals Steve wanted to head the operations of the new collaboration which would provide cheap medication for the cure of the disease of AIDS however he was dissuaded by the persuasions of Kaspar, the owner of the other company involved in the process of the merger (Light, 2018). Furthermore, in a similar manner many of the top employees from both the organizations wanted to have the top spots of the new collaborative company to be given to them however when that did not happen they simply left the organization and this acted as a significant loss to the organizations (Hancock et al., 2013). It is a reflection of this the market of the concerned business organizations dropped by almost 20% within the first week of the announceme nt of the merger (Light, 2018). It is significant to note that the problem of employee turnover is one of the common ones which most of the business organizations face in the present times and which has adversely affected the prospects of the most of the business organizations in an adverse in the recent times (Hancock et al., 2013). Thus, most of the top level as well as the hard working employees of the organization opt out of the organization when they see that their hard work is not being appreciated. Integration and employees The concept of business integration can be defined as a strategy whose goal is to synchronize information technology (IT) and business cultures and objectives and align technology with business strategy and goals. Business integration is a reflection of how IT is being absorbed as a function of business (Stanley et al., 2013). In other words the process of business integration is a planning process that integrates across two or more functions in a business or government entity referred to as an enterprise to maximize financial value (Stanley et al., 2013). Therefore, in the present day it is often seen that the various business organizations take the help of not only the process or merger and acquisition but also the concept of integration to bring about the overall growth as well as the development of their overall business process (Hancock et al., 2013). However, it is often seen that the business organizations involved in the process of merger are from different cultural as well a s social backgrounds like the business organizations of DeWaal Pharmaceuticals and BioHealth Labs mentioned in the case study(Hom et al., 2012). Therefore, the various business organizations need to take into consideration the cultural as well as the social factors for the process of the merger and collaboration (Hom et al., 2012). In the opinion of many people the concept of Mergers and acquisitions (MA) are transactions in which the ownership of companies, other business organizations, or their operating units are transferred or combined. As an aspect of strategic management, MA can allow enterprises to grow, shrink, and change the nature of their business or competitive position (Hom et al., 2012). The case study under discussion here discusses the merger between the two companies DeWaal Pharmaceuticals and BioHealth Labs. In the present times it is often seen that the various business organizations take the help of the concepts of Mergers and acquisitions not only to outrival th eir primary competitors in the same field of operations but also to bring about the overall growth as well as the development of their business organizations. This particular concept is also utilized by the various business organizations which are planning to enter into market areas or into areas of business which is totally new for both of them(Stanley et al., 2013). Thus, in the given case study the field of business which the pharmaceutical companies DeWaal Pharmaceuticals and BioHealth Labs are trying to enter is the field of the medication for the patients suffering from the disease of AIDS and this is a completely new domain for both the concerned parties. Therefore, it can be said that the concept of merger will be very useful for both of them. It is true that the process of merger provides many advantages to the organizations concerned however there are certain disadvantages of the process as well (Stanley et al., 2013). The primary disadvantage of the process of the merger is the impact which it had on the various employees related to the organization (Stanley et al., 2013). As already mentioned the employees are the most important part of the various business organizations and it is their hard labor which makes the success attained by a particular business organization feasible (Ahammad, et al., 2016). The major disadvantage of the process of merger is that it had a negative impact on the various employees. It is significant to note that the various employees who work for a particular organization have certain expectations from the company (Ahammad, et al., 2016). Therefore, the employees expect that when the business organization for which they are working expands they will be promoted and given higher positions within that particular organization (Aguenza Som, 2012). However, during the process of merger it is generally seen that the top employees from both the organizations are not given equal opportunity for promotion (Ahammad, et al., 2016). Therefore, the dissatisfaction level of the employees increase and they often tend to leave their jobs (Agu enza Som, 2012). This is a common problem which the majority of the business organizations face in the present times. The concept of Employee turnover refers to the number or percentage of workers who leave an organization and are replaced by new employees. Measuring employee turnover can be helpful to employers that want to examine reasons for turnover or estimate the cost-to-hire for budget purposes (Aguenza Som, 2012). It is generally seen that the various organizations give training and invest other kind of resources in the various employees of their organization. Thus, if these employees leave the business organizations then that will be a considerable loss for the concerned company (Aguenza Som, 2012). However, it is often seen that the various business organizations do not take into consideration the various needs of the customers in the most effective manner and therefore they leave the organization (Aguenza Som, 2012). Resolution of the conflicts The various business organizations in the present times take the help of various kinds of strategies for the resolution of the conflicts which arise during the process of merger. It is significant to note that it is not possible for the various business organizations to take into consideration the expectations of all the employees (Ahammad, et al., 2016). Therefore, the thing which the various business organizations can do is to have an open forum where the various employees related to the business organization can have a fair chance to compete with each other and have a go at the top position of the new merger (Hausknecht Holwerda, 2013). This is likely to appease the various employees related to a particular business organization in a significant manner (Hausknecht Holwerda, 2013). It is generally seen that most of the employees related to a particular business organization do not even get the chance to have the top managerial positions when the business organization is having a merger (Bryant Allen, 2013). This gives rise to a significant amount of dissatisfaction as well as anger among the various employees and therefore they often decide to leave the concerned business organization (AlBattat Som, 2013). Therefore, to avoid this particular thing the best thing which the concerned business organization can do is to provide an open forum to everyone where they will get a chance to compete with each other on an equal footing (Bryant Allen, 2013). The various present day researches suggests that the various employees related to a particular organization like to have equal growth as well as promotion on par with the other employees and therefore this particular strategy is likely to appeal to them in a significant manner (Hausknecht Holwerda, 2013). Recommendation for the two senior executives The process of integration although it seems to be a very simple yet is a very complex and the effective management of it requires a collective effort on the part of the management of the concerned business organization (AlBattat Som, 2013). The two senior executives in the given case study could have provided an open forum to the top employees of both the business organizations (AlBattat Som, 2013). This would have reduced the level of dissatisfaction among the various employees belonging to both the organizations and at the same time would have reduced the rate of attrition from both the business organizations in a considerable manner (AlBattat Som, 2013). Furthermore, the HRM of a particular organization also plays a considerable role during the process of the integration and also helps in the process of the retention of the employees by enhancing the level of their job roles and also motivating the various employees to perform at their job roles in a much better manner (Yamano i Sayama, 2013). Therefore, an active intervention of the HR executives during the process could have been very useful and would have helped the two organizations to reduce the level of attrition and also the dissatisfaction quotient of the employees in a significant manner (Yamanoi Sayama, 2013). The various HR executives related to the business organizations could have come up better kinds of plans whereby the employees belonging to both the organizations would have got a chance to contest for the top position of integrated business organization (AlBattat Som, 2013). Management and Organizational theories The various business organizations in the present times often take the help of the various kinds of Management and Organizational theories for the effective management of not only the workplace and the employees but also for the effective management of the overall business process of the concerned business organization (Hancock et al., 2013). It is generally seen that the various business organizations resort to various kinds of theories as well as strategies related to the genre of the effective management of the employees for the purpose of not only enhancing the job satisfaction level of the various employees in a bid to reduce the rate of employed turnover and thereby avoid the consequent loss of resources which the concerned organization would have to bear on the score of that but also to ensure that the various employees are adequately motivated and are their personal goals as well as objectives are in synchronization with the overall goals as well as the objectives of the orga nization (Hancock et al., 2013). Therefore, it can be said that the various Management and Organizational theories are very much relevant in this particular context. For example, the concerned business organization can take the help of the various kinds of theories related to the concepts of integration and merger to effectively manage its affairs during the process of merger and integration (Ahammad, et al., 2016). Furthermore, following the various precepts of the theory of Herzbergs Dual Factor Theory the various organizations should focus on increasing the factors which enhance the job satisfaction level of the employees (Ahammad, et al., 2016). It is generally seen that if the employees are satisfied with the kind of work which they are doing then the chances are very less that they are going to quit the job (Ahammad, et al., 2016). This will help the concerned business organization in a significant manner by not only reducing the rate of the attrition of the employees from the organization but at the same time saving the resources of the organization (Ahammad, et al., 2016). Conclusion To conclude, the business world in the present time has undergone a rapid transformation since the traditional times. In the present times with the emergence of the various new as well as innovative ideas for the conduct of international business have emerged and one of the most commonly preferred methods by the various business organizations of the world is the method of merger and integration. The concepts of merger and integration are generally seen as the developments coming out of the umbrella of globalization and are being increasingly used by the various business organizations in the present times for the expansion of their business. However, there are some problems related to the concept of merger as well. For example, it is generally seen that during the process of merger and integration the top and the hard working employees of the two business organizations do not get level of preference and thus dissatisfaction grows among the various employees related to the business org anization. It is a reflection of this that many top performing employees of the business organizations undergoing the process of merger often leave the organization on the score of dissatisfaction with the management of the organization. References Ahammad, M. F., Tarba, S. Y., Liu, Y., Glaister, K. W. (2016). Knowledge transfer and cross-border acquisition performance: The impact of cultural distance and employee retention.International Business Review,25(1), 66-75. doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2014.06.015 AlBattat, A. R. S., Som, A. P. M. (2013). Employee dissatisfaction and turnover crises in the Malaysian hospitality industry.International Journal of Business and Management,8(5), 62. doi:10.5539/ijbm.v8n5p62 Bryant, P. C., Allen, D. G. (2013). Compensation, benefits and employee turnover: HR strategies for retaining top talent.Compensation Benefits Review,45(3), 171-175. doi/abs/10.1177/0886368713494342 Hancock, J. I., Allen, D. G., Bosco, F. A., McDaniel, K. R., Pierce, C. A. (2013). Meta-analytic review of employee turnover as a predictor of firm performance.Journal of Management,39(3), 573-603. doi/abs/10.1177/0149206311424943 Hausknecht, J. P., Holwerda, J. A. (2013). When does employee turnover matter? Dynamic member configurations, productive capacity, and collective performance.Organization Science,24(1), 210-225. doi/abs/10.1287/orsc.1110.0720 Hom, P. W., Mitchell, T. R., Lee, T. W., Griffeth, R. W. (2012). Reviewing employee turnover: focusing on proximal withdrawal states and an expanded criterion.Psychological bulletin,138(5), 831. https://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0027983 James, L., Mathew, L. (2012). Employee retention strategies: IT industry.SCMS Journal of Indian Management,9(3), 79. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/openview/d6d01dae2181983b4c69f5bef1265d00/1?pq-origsite=gscholarcbl=546310 Light, D. (2018).Who Goes, Who Stays?(pp. 1-9). Harvard Business Review. Stanley, L., Vandenberghe, C., Vandenberg, R., Bentein, K. (2013). Commitment profiles and employee turnover.Journal of Vocational Behavior,82(3), 176-187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2013.01.011 Trautwein, F. (2013). Merger motives and merger prescriptions. InMergers Acquisitions(pp. 14-26). Routledge.(Trautwein, 2013) Retrieved from https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781135032548/chapters/10.4324%2F9780203708071-9 Yamanoi, J., Sayama, H. (2013). Post-merger cultural integration from a social network perspective: A computational modeling approach.Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory,19(4), 516-537. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10588-012-9139-

The Gift of the Magi Essays - Irony, The Gift Of The Magi

The Gift of the Magi The Gift of the Magi is a story authored by O. Henry. The story features two main characters, Della and her twenty two year old husband Mr. James Dillingham Young. The couple is simply referred to as Jim and Della respectively within the story. The story has a very interesting turn of events clustered with emotions of love and care. It eventually culminates into a surprising end where the characters exchange Christmas gifts acquired after selling their most precious possessions for the sake of offering each other Christmas presents. The story starts on a Christmas Eve with Della bursting into tears on the couch. Della is saddened by the fact that she has only been able to save a measly $1.87 dollars from her grocery and shopping money in order to get money to buy her beloved husband a gift. Despite all the humiliation from constant haggling and bargaining she still has not been able to get enough to buy Jim a present that would really befit him. She feels that she cannot get Jim a present worthy enough to express her love for him. This first encounter with the couple portrays the poor state of life that the couple is sharing. The youngs have sunk into poverty and hard times. The description of their apartment in the story shows a poor state of life characterized by a poor pay amounting to $20 dollars a week and high expenditure on basics. Jims salary has shrunk from $30 dollars to $20 dollars per week and they are barely trying to survive on the $12 dollars that is left after paying for their rent which amounts to $8 dollars per week. Dellas deep contemplation and sentiments of helplessness show how much she loves and appreciates Jim, and as a result she would like to offer him the best. Her deep concern and love can be seen in these two quotes: Only $1.87 to buy a present for Jim. Her Jim. This statement indicates how deeply concerned Della is about the situation. Many a happy hour she had spent planning for something nice for him: Something fine and rare and sterling, something just a little bit near to being worthy of the honor of being owned by Jim. This statement shows how much Della values Jim and it portrays her deep love for him. The portrayal of Dellas concerns is used to build the theme of love that greatly features within the story. It also serves to indicate the desperate state of poverty that the couple lives in.After contemplation and crying Della powders her cheeks and takes a look at her self in the pier glass by the window. At this point in the story the readers learn that the couple has two most important and priced possessions-Dellas hair which is long and beautiful and Jims watch which has been a family possession passed down through generations from fathers to their sons. The narrator in the story emphasizes the worth of these priced possessions by indicating that they would be coveted by even the Queen of Sheba and King Solomon-greatly known for their wealth. It is while viewing herself in the mirror that Della gets a brilliant idea on how to acquire money to get Jim a gift that is worth the love she has for him. Della leaves the house hurriedly for Madame Sofronies store. Madame Sofronie retails hair products and Della decides to sell her hair to Madame Sofronie. She quickly accepts the sell for a twenty dollar price. Dellas hair is shaved and she gets her $20 dollars. She quickly hurries off to the shops to seek a present for Jim. Della loves her hair because we are told she shed tears at the thought of selling it, but hurried off to conclude the sell before her mind could change. This strong resolution done for the love of Jim is a great sacrifice and it is at this point in the story that the second strongest theme of the story develops-the theme of sacrifice which is born out of love-the earlier theme in the story. While at the shops Della buys Jim a platinum chain for his

Description of House essays

Description of House essays Until I was nine years old, I lived in Covington, Virginia in an old farmhouse. I remember vividly sights, smells, sounds, and feeling of the things in my house. In the tiny, country style kitchen the first things you see are huge sky blue water jugs. They were rough and the plastic was starting to wear away. When you picked them up the plastic would stick your hands. As your eyes wonder across the room the next thing you see, or hear, are the ancient washer and dryer we had. I would always think there was a tornado coming when the washer would turn to the spin cycle. Next you would see the mustard yellow stove top and refrigerator. Then as you look up you see what I called the Indian cabinets. They were painted white whit Indian designs on them. Finally when you would glance down at the brown floors, which I once spilled a whole can of molasses on. After walking through the kitchen, you would enter the bathroom. The bathroom was old and the tub was stained yucky yellow from the well water that filled it. Then as you exit the bathroom you see a door leading to the shed. The smell of wet dog overwhelms you. Then as you go back through the kitchen you enter the dining room. It has a gigantic table in the middle. Under the table sat an Oriental rug. I would hide under the table on the rug from my sisters. I remember getting rug burn all the time from the thick rough carpet. As you enter the living room you instantly smell the wintry smell of the fireplace. I would melt crayons on it because it would smell like a grape vineyard. There was a couch, and a recliner in the living room. We also had a television, but no cable. The house smelt like a burning wood stove. ...

Major Accomplishments of Cartimandua, Brigantine Queen

Major Accomplishments of Cartimandua, Brigantine Queen In the mid-first century, the Romans were in the process of conquering Britain. In the north, extending into what is now Scotland, the Romans faced the Brigantes. Tacitus wrote of a queen leading one of the tribes within the larger group of tribes called the Brigantes. He described her as flourishing in all the splendor of wealth and power.  This was Cartimandua (about 47–69 CE), whose name includes the word for pony or small horse. In the face of the Roman conquests progress, Cartimandua decided to make peace with the Romans instead of confronting them.  She was thus allowed to continue to rule, now as a client-queen.   Some in a neighboring tribe within Cartimanduas territory in 48 C.E. attacked the Roman armies as they moved forward to conquer what is now Wales.  The Romans successfully resisted the attack, and the rebels, headed by Caractacus, asked for aid from Cartimandua.  Instead, she turned Caractacus over to the Romans. Caractactus was taken to Rome where Claudius spared his life. Cartimandua was married to Venutius but wielded power as a leader in her own right. A struggle for power among the Brigantes and even between Cartimandua and her husband broke out. Cartimandua asked for help from the Romans in regaining peace, and with the Roman legion behind her, she and her husband made peace. The Brigantes did not join the rebellion of  Boudicca  in 61 C.E., probably because of Cartimanduas leadership in maintaining good relations with the Romans. In 69 C.E., Cartimandua divorced her husband Venutius and married his charioteer or arms bearer.  The new husband then would have become king. But Venutius raised support and attacked, and, even with Roman assistance, Cartimandua couldnt put down the revolt. Venutius became king of the Brigantes and ruled it briefly as an independent kingdom. The Romans took Cartimandua and her new husband under their protection and removed them from her old kingdom.  Queen Cartimandua disappears from history. Soon the Romans moved in, defeated Venutius, and ruled the Brigantes directly. Importance of Cartimandua The importance of Cartimanduas story as part of Roman Britains history is that her position makes clear that in Celtic culture at the time, women were at least occasionally accepted as leaders and rulers. The story is also important as a contrast to Boudiccas.  In Cartimanduas case, she was able to negotiate a peace with the Romans and stay in power.  Boudicca failed  to continue her rule  and was defeated in battle because she rebelled and refused to submit to Roman authority. Archaeology In 1951–1952, Sir Mortimer Wheeler headed an excavation at Stanwick, North Yorks, in northern England.  The earthwork complex there has been studied again and dated to the late Iron Age in Britain, and new excavations and research were carried out 1981–2009, as reported by Colin Haselgrove for the Council of British Archaeology in 2015. Analysis continues and may reshape the understanding of the period.  Originally, Wheeler believed that the complex was the site of Venutius and that Cartimanduas center was to the south.  Today, more are concluding the site is that of Cartimanduas rule. Recommended Resource Nicki Howarth Pollard.  Cartimandua: Queen of the Brigantes. 2008.

With reference to your own research, do you think that the ability of Essay

With reference to your own research, do you think that the ability of a business to act successfully in a socially responsible manner is mainly determined by the products it produces - Essay Example The concept of CRS rose in the 1960’s after World War II (Carroll & Shabana 2010, p. 86). The primary cause of increased concern in the CSR concept is due to consumer concern social behavior of firms. The concept of CSR has faced both favors and objection. The main objection of CSR is that the primary concern of a business is to improve the profit of its stakeholders. Social issues are the interest of the government and corporations ought not to be involved. Business is also thought not to be capable of handling social issues. According to Carroll & Shabana (2010, p. 87), business has acquired enough power and the social power should not be entrusted to it. Embracing CSR concept in businesses will reduce the national competitiveness both at local and global level. On the other hand, CSR concept has been accredited as the source of business success in various ways. First, CSR determines business viability that consequently determines its future operations and success. CSR concept is also believed to offer a platform to enable business institutions to shun influence and regulation by the government. According to Carroll & Shabana (2010, p. 88), use of CSR will help business to anticipate and initiate social events. Such pro-action is less costly than reacting to than responding to social problems encountered. The significant influence of a product to business performance lies in customer awareness. Products highly affect customer’s top of mind awareness that, consequently affect their loyalty. Top of mind awareness depends on customer’s perception of the ethical values of a firm’s product and services. In determining the relationship between product and business performance, this paper explains the corporate social organization and its outcome of different companies. However, business success in penetrating the market is mainly affected by its quality, price and convenience (Vogel

General Movie Tourism in New York Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

General Movie Tourism in New York - Essay Example New York City has a large number of tourist attractions that serves close to 54 million foreigners as well as American nationals in each year. Some of the major tourist attraction sites include Ellis Island, Empire State Building Metropolitan Museum of Art, Broadway Theatre Productions, Statue of Liberty Rockefeller Center, Times Square, Coney Island, and Barclays Center among others. The tourists also visit the many TV scenes recording places as well as movie centers. Some of the TV shows and movies acted in New York include Taxi Driver, Sex and the City, Friends, Seinfeld among others. Many movie theatres are visited by tourists who consider them as huge attraction sources. However, despite all these major tourist attraction sites and destinations, movie tourism that forms part of them has not been fully exploited. The paper, therefore, seeks to explain how movie tourism can be developed as the leading tourists’ attraction points in the city of New York. This topic is of gre at importance to because it sought to address a key component of the American economy which is tourism. My deep interest in this topic stems from the inner desire to express the role that movie tourism which many people know little about has impacted positively on tourism. Research methods to be used for the purpose of this study include both qualitative and quantitative research methods and a total of 50 people are to be interviewed. I will be able to speak to these people and I am allowed to speak to them.

Plato and Aristotle Essay Example for Free

Plato and Aristotle Essay Plato and Aristotle were two philosophers who made an impact on philosophy as we know it as today. Plato is thought of as the first political philosopher and Aristotle as the first metaphysical philosopher. They were both great intellectuals in regards to being the first of the great western philosophers. Plato and Aristotle each had ideas in how to better life by improving the societies in which they were part of during their lives. The views of Plato and Aristotle look different but they do have some similarities to them. Plato is mostly known for his Theory of Forms and Aristotle is known for his thoughts in universals. Even though they both thought a bit differently they did agree in a few things. Plato and Aristotle not only had an impact on society in the past but today’s society as well. Plato was a teacher to Aristotle and lived during the Peloponnesian War, which lead to the end of the Athenian democracy. He had eyewitness account of Socrates, his mentor, trial and execution. Unhappy with the political corruption that plagued the Athenian democratic government, he removed himself from politics. He strongly felt that neither a moral individual nor a state could be established in a democratic environment. Plato felt that the common man was not intelligent enough to deal with concepts that influence the state such as economics, policies and other relative matters. He thought of philosophers as being the most intelligent among men. He viewed political incumbents in the Athens government basically as bought individuals in office for the good of themselves and not society as a whole. Another danger was that extreme liberties given to the people in the democratic society could potentially lead an anarchy. Aristotle was a student of Plato’s and teacher of Alexander the Great. He created his own school in Athens. He thought of metaphysics to be the first philosophy, which was a large interest to him. Aristotle’s stated that forms were universal. According to Aristotle, notion of Essential properties makes something what it is, and accidental properties are the differences of that item. Aristotle believed the state and the individual are similar and democracy would be the better government. In Book VII of The Republic by Plato, Socrates describes the Allegory of the Cave. It is a metaphor to illustrate the effects of education on the human soul. It can also be understood as what is real and what is believed to be real in life. Eventhough Plato had his ideal city, the forms was really what people could connect with. There is so much one can take from his thoughts on the forms that could be applied to society today. Plato starts out comparing people that are uneducated to prisoners chained in a cave, unable to turn their head. All they can see is the wall of the cave in front of them. A fire behind them burns bright. Between the fire and the prisoners, there is an area for puppeteers to move around and hold up the puppets to cast shadows on the wall that is in front of the prisoners. This is what the prisoners see every single day. This is all they know; shadows, echoes, the smell of the fire, and darkness. They believe that that shadows are reality. One of the prisoners is allowed to go outside of the cave. Once they reach the outside of the cave, they are blinded by the light because they have not seen such. Once their eyes start to adjust, they start seeing shapes and objects around them. They see that the sun is what creates light and that the tall objects with leaves are trees. They are colorful with moving parts. They go back outside to tell the prisoners, but they are not believed. Those still inside of the cave thinks the person just came in from the outside ill because that is not what they see in the cave, they did not see the outside for themselves, so therefore, it does not exist. So now the person that just came in from the bright sun light cannot see very well in the darkness of the cave, their eyes have not adjusted to the darkness, and people think they are crazy. This is where this view fails for Aristotle because it is not realistic. Aristotle rejects Plato’s Theory of Forms, and makes the way for his realistic approach, which underlines observation first and abstract reasoning second. Being a student of Plato’s, I believe he was indebted to justify at lengths why he disagrees with doctrines of his teacher. He provided detailed arguments against many of Plato’s doctrines, a lot of his major works, focusing in particular on the Theory of Forms. In Aristotle’s critique he thinks this theory is essentially an assertion of the superiority of universals over particulars. Plato argues that particular instances of beauty or justice exists only because they participate in the universal Form of Beauty. Say a there are two objects, one is colorless and the other one is red. The colorless one goes where the red on is located. Since the colorless object and the red object are participating, they areboth red objects. They have a certain nurture and nature. However, Aristotle argues that universal concepts of beauty and justice derive from the instances of beauty and justice in this world. We only arrive at an idea of beauty by observing particular instances of beauty. This universal quality of beauty has no existence beyond this idea that we build from particular instances. He is staying that the particulars come first and the universals come after and therefor, Aristotle places emphasis on the importance of observing the details of this world. Which leads me to understand his thoughts on happiness a little more. With putting the weight on observing happiness can measured by a person’s life. Aristotle lays out in Book X in the Nicomachean Ethic’s, the continuation of his thoughts on pleasure, happiness and the end of life, and ethics and politics. His view on happiness and the end of human life really made me question his way of thinking. Aristotle suggests that happiness is the final end of life because nothing is greater than happiness or the good life and it goes against his universal theory. Aristotle proposes that happiness, or the good life, is taken to be a most final end. â€Å"We said, then, that happiness is not a characteristic, for in that case it could be present even to someone asleep thought his life, living the life of plants, and to someone undergoing the greatest misfortunes. † (Nicomachean Ethics, 1176a-1176b). The good life for humans is the life of choosing to life the life according to the virtues. â€Å"For we choose everything, so to speak, for the sake of something else-except happiness, for it is the end. † (Nicomachean Ethics, 1176b). Also, it seems that only humans can be happy because the happiness is an important nature of every individual human and it is unique to humans in that the function of humans is what distinguishes them from other kinds of things. Happiness is a self-sufficient activity desirable for its own sake. One seeks nothing from happiness beyond the actual experience or performance of it as an activity. Activities that are desirable in themselves are activities in conformity with virtue and indicates that the greatest happiness must be activity in conformity with the highest virtue. It is wrong to confuse happiness with various kinds of amusements involving bodily pleasures, as many people do. Such amusements are neither virtuous nor ends in themselves,but are merely relaxing diversions in which one occasionally engages for the sake of future activity. The greatest happiness is activity in conformity with the highest virtue is excellence. Intelligence is mans highest possession and the objects of intelligence are the highest objects within his grasp. It is clear that the life of contemplation and theoretical wisdom must be the greatest of human virtues and the highest form of happiness. The objects of the contemplative life are the unchangeable and eternal verities that underlie and govern the universe. From contemplation of these truths the soul derives a feeling of purity and stability. â€Å"Further, this active is most continuous, for we are more able to contemplate continuously than we are to do anything else whatever. † (Nicomachean Ethics, 1177a). Also, the wise person is able to contemplate by himself, the wiser he is the more adept he will be doing so. Contemplative happiness is not dependent on other men. It is the form of life in which human beings come most nearly to being divine, the life that harmonizes with intellect, and that life seems to be the happiest, according to Aristotle. There is another kind of happiness, based on moral virtue and practical wisdom, which is concerned with feelings that spring from mans bodily nature. It can be defined as the harmonious coordination of all parts of mans complete being. This kind of happiness is not as exalted as the contemplative, but it helps prepare us for the higher happiness and, since man is not all mind and reason, gives us something to fall back upon when we are unable to remain continuously at the higher level. â€Å"For if there is a certain care for human things on the part of gods, as in fact there is held to be, it would be also reasonable for gods to delight in what is best and most akin to them – this would be the intellect – and to benefit in return those who cherish this above all and honor it, on the grounds that these latter are caring for what is dear to gods as well as acting correctly and nobly. † (Nicomachean Ethics, 1179a). This person is the happiest and a wise person would be extremely happy. I believe this idea has some hints of Plato’s forms. The one person who went outside of the cave and saw it all was brought down by all the people in the cave that didn’t see the outside. Aristotle states that you cannot be happy with a lot of friends because they are not true friends. I believe those excess friendships would be a similar situation in the cave. They would not bring your happiness, only suffering. Aristotle and Plato have similaritiesin their city states as well. Plato gives a place to women, but Aristotle does not seem to care for women. When reading Plato, the texts are in Socrates’s voice. It makes it hard to connect what he is saying, especially in the Republic since it is a play. Also, one cannot tell if Socrates, Plato, is being serious or straightforward or if it’s Socrates’s thoughts or Plato’s. In Nicomachean Ethics, the text is Aristotle’s lecture notes and he is the author of them. While reading, it seems that Plato comes out and gives his opinion on matters, but Aristotle presents them, but does not come out and say what his thoughts are. Plato and Aristotle were two philosophers who made a huge impact on philosophy. They were both great western philosophers. Plato and Aristotle each had ideas in how to better life by improving the societies in which they were part of during their lives. Although they are thought to have completely different views, when laid out, their views have some similarities.

Hawthorne :: Essays Papers

Hawthorne Nathaniel Hawthorne, an American novelist lived from 1804 to 1864. Hawthorne’s works are deeply concerned with the ethical problems of sin, punishment, and atonement. He graduated from Bowdoin College in 1825 and returned to his Salem home living in semi-seclusion and writing. Hawthorne’s exploration of these themes were related to the sense of guilt he felt about the roles of his ancestors in the 17th-century persecution of Quakers and in the 1692 witchcraft trials of Salem, Massachusetts. Hawthorne’s views on women in male dominated roles were portrayed as the weaker sex. Allegory and symbolism are combined in Hawthorne’s work to create sarcasm and deep thought to his novels. Allegory is a narrative, either in verse or prose, in which characters, action, and setting represent abstract concepts apart from the literal meaning of a story. Symbolism is used to designate an abstract quality or concept. Through both of these concepts Hawthorne revealed the irony in his writings. These elements helped Hawthorne become a leader in the development of the short story. â€Å"Dr. Heidegger’s Experiment† contained mostly romantic symbolism. Dr. Heidegger is the perfect example of the scientific world gone mad. Medbourne is mostly interested in the economy and is a corrupted businessman. Killigrien is basically interested only in himself. Gascorgin is a corrupt politician. Wycherly is an example of social scandal and vanity. The allegory is that Hawthorne is concerned with women’s roles in a male dominant society and the dangers of applied science. â€Å"Rappaccini’s Daughter† is assembled with Romantic and Anti-Transcendentalist elements. Light is one of the main components of symbolism in the story. Dr. Rappaccini is evil and cares more for science than mankind. Professor Baglioni is basically good and practices â€Å"apt† science. Giovanni is Anti-Transcendentalist and Beatrice is Transcendentalist and are both victims of corrupt science. Hawthorne’s use of nature in â€Å"Rappaccini’s Daughter† is used in the allusion to the Garden of Eden. Beatrice was poison and forbidden like the apple in the Garden of Eden. An antidote will destroy poison, therefore when Beatrice drank it, she died. Hawthorne :: Essays Papers Hawthorne Nathaniel Hawthorne, an American novelist lived from 1804 to 1864. Hawthorne’s works are deeply concerned with the ethical problems of sin, punishment, and atonement. He graduated from Bowdoin College in 1825 and returned to his Salem home living in semi-seclusion and writing. Hawthorne’s exploration of these themes were related to the sense of guilt he felt about the roles of his ancestors in the 17th-century persecution of Quakers and in the 1692 witchcraft trials of Salem, Massachusetts. Hawthorne’s views on women in male dominated roles were portrayed as the weaker sex. Allegory and symbolism are combined in Hawthorne’s work to create sarcasm and deep thought to his novels. Allegory is a narrative, either in verse or prose, in which characters, action, and setting represent abstract concepts apart from the literal meaning of a story. Symbolism is used to designate an abstract quality or concept. Through both of these concepts Hawthorne revealed the irony in his writings. These elements helped Hawthorne become a leader in the development of the short story. â€Å"Dr. Heidegger’s Experiment† contained mostly romantic symbolism. Dr. Heidegger is the perfect example of the scientific world gone mad. Medbourne is mostly interested in the economy and is a corrupted businessman. Killigrien is basically interested only in himself. Gascorgin is a corrupt politician. Wycherly is an example of social scandal and vanity. The allegory is that Hawthorne is concerned with women’s roles in a male dominant society and the dangers of applied science. â€Å"Rappaccini’s Daughter† is assembled with Romantic and Anti-Transcendentalist elements. Light is one of the main components of symbolism in the story. Dr. Rappaccini is evil and cares more for science than mankind. Professor Baglioni is basically good and practices â€Å"apt† science. Giovanni is Anti-Transcendentalist and Beatrice is Transcendentalist and are both victims of corrupt science. Hawthorne’s use of nature in â€Å"Rappaccini’s Daughter† is used in the allusion to the Garden of Eden. Beatrice was poison and forbidden like the apple in the Garden of Eden. An antidote will destroy poison, therefore when Beatrice drank it, she died.

Appology Letter

Dear sergeant first class Franco, would like to express my major regrets for lying to you about the age of my wife and apologize for my actions. It was inappropriate, disrespectful and lacked the professionalism that you and the rest of my leadership expect from me. Knew was lying but did not think about who was lying too if I thought about the fact that I was lying to my platoon sergeant or any NCO for that matter I wouldn't have done it.I realize now that I need to be more ireful about what I am saying and who IM saying it too in order to prevent this from happening again. My thought process at the time was that when everyone found out that I was going to get married they were going to try to talk me out of it and tell me that was making a stupid mistake, I also knew that when they found out her actual age they would have something to say about that as well. As just trying to avoid conversations about how was aging a mistake and that she is too young for me when I had already made up my mind. I knew the steps I had to take in order to legally marry her and planned to revile her real age after we were married because I didn't think about the fact that I was lying to a NCO and didn't think I was doing anything wrong.

A Risky Decision

Decision making is an important aspect of human life. The success of a person or country remains in how smartly they take decision at the appropriate time. This paper examines a possible risky decision which may be taken by the Indian government to declare war against Pakistan in order to destroy the terrorist camped in Pak territory.IntroductionSome decisions are easy to make while others may be difficult to take and implement. For example, it is easy for the Indian government to take a decision about preventing the Indian cricket team from touring Pakistan because of the recent attack by terrorists against the Sri Lankan cricket team. But it might be a risky decision to declare war against Pakistan on the basis of the recent Mumbai terrorist attack.â€Å"The Mumbai attack is uniquely different from past terror strikes carried out by Islamic terrorists. Instead of one or more bombings at distinct sites, the Mumbai attackers struck throughout the city using military tactics† ( Roggio, 2008)An overview description of the decision to be madeIndian government is under tremendous pressure from the public and the opposition parties’ because of their failure in preventing the Mumbai terrorist attack in 2008 which killed around 179 people.Moreover in 2001, the Pak terrorist group, Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jaish-e-Mohammed were succeeded in attacking the Indian parliament in which a dozen of people were killed. (Indian parliament attack kills 12) The repeated attack made by Pak terrorist group on India, forced the Indian government to take a decision in how to destroy the terrorist group located in Pakistan.The primary decisionsThe primary decision is whether to conduct an all out war against Pakistan or not. Another option is limited attack on terrorist camps by the Indian forces which may result in a war between these countries.  The primary objectiveThe primary objective of these decisions is to destroy the terrorist group in Pakistan and also to teach Pak istan a lesson that India may not remain calm if their sovereignty is questioned. The uncertain eventThe uncertainty about the event is the possible consequences of the war. Both India and Pakistan have nuclear weapons in their armory and any war between these countries may be converted into a nuclear war. Moreover the American troops fighting in the Afghan border against the Muslim fundamentalists need the support of Pak troops there. So they will not be much interested in a war between India and Pakistan because it might result the pull out of Pak troops from assisting the American military.

How to bond with your employees and boost their productivity

How to bond with your employees and boost their productivity Great bosses build relationships with their employees. You don’t have to be buddy-buddy with everyone in your office, but if you establish a rapport and communicate effectively with the people who work for you, you’ll foster a sense of trust and morale and create a better working environment for all. In fact, in a  recent survey, 60% of 1,000 full-time workers questioned said their relationship with their employer positively impacted their work productivity. Here are a few strategies for how you can create a relationship of trust and respect with your direct reports.Keep your door open.The more you make yourself accessible to your employees, the more comfortable they’ll feel stopping by to discuss things with you, bring up issues that come up during the day, or float great ideas your way. You’ll have a better idea of what’s going on if you’re not cooped up in your office alone. If you’re not sure how to encourage your employees to ra ndomly check in, try getting a candy jar for your desk!Schedule (and don’t ignore) weekly one-on-ones.Structured feedback on a regular basis can be invaluable to both you and your employees. Make time for a face-to-face meeting with each direct report where you can get on the same page about existing projects and listen to concerns (while expressing any of your own), and you’ll start to reap the benefits.Oftentimes, a recurring meeting on the calendar can get pushed aside or even ignored because it seems useless when you see each other all day, every day. Resist the urge to cancel or to let your employee cancel. Even if you just meet for 10 minutes, that quiet, scheduled check-in time is key to learning about your employees and getting a sense of how they’re really doing.Meet outside of the boss/employee context.You shouldn’t pretend to be on the same level as your employees- everyone knows the hierarchy, so you don’t want to seem like you’r e fooling anyone. Still, it’s okay to come down from your upper rung every now and then and let everyone in the workplace have an equal voice in the organization. Maybe schedule a brainstorming meeting where you, too, are responsible for coming up with ideas, or a weekly roundtable with the team where you all talk about the best thing that happened during the work week.Get together outside of the office.A few team-building activities outside of the office can go a very long way to helping you get to know your employees as actual people, not just in the context of their roles at work. Try a team lunch or a group volunteer project, and solicit ideas from the group. But please don’t make people give up their weekends- schedule this non-work outing a few times a year during working hours.Offer regular encouragement.Take an interest in the career development and job satisfaction of each direct report. When someone is doing a good job, take the time to let them know- a littl e positive reinforcement goes a long way. Send a quick email of praise when a particular project goes well. Send an annual (or monthly!) email reminding them of how much you appreciate their work. Make it clear to higher-ups when someone goes above and beyond. When your employees know you notice the little things, they’ll want to be on the ball every day.Don’t fake it.Above all else, you can’t fake it. Valuing your employees and making them a priority takes real effort and investment. If you halfheartedly make attempts to reach out every so often, everyone will know you don’t really mean it. But putting in the effort is worth it- the stronger, healthier relationships you’ll build will make everyone happier and more productive.

How To Cold Pitch Your Next Guest Blogging Opportunity

How To Cold Pitch Your Next Guest Blogging Opportunity Guest blogging has had a tumultuous life cycle. Hot one day, and then cold the next–no one seems to know if they should really be guest blogging or not. Wait, didnt Matt Cutts say that it was dead? Yes, for SEO, but that doesnt mean that it is really dead, does it? Matt Cutts called it, or did he? Heres the thing.  Since the beginning, there has always been two different kinds of guest blogging. There is the lame kind that Matts Cutts has declared dead. These are the spammers, the folks that see guest blogging as a tool to build linkbacks to their website and nothing else. Let me remind you about some of the methods they use. They look like this: Free content? How could this be? These arent really guest bloggers. They are blog hijackers. Their emails are lame, their topics are weak, and the writingOh, *od the writing. Matt Cutts is right in that blog hijacking needs to be dead, but did he really have to go and throw all guest blogging into the mix? Guest Blogging Can Be Good. Right? The second kind of guest blogging, as you can imagine, is the good kind. This is the kind of guest blogging that you do. Right? (Right?) This form of guest blogging is about a lot more than a simple linkback to some sketchy site. It is about audience, respect, and the genuine sharing of information that the web has made possible. These writers appreciate a link to their blog, but it isnt why they get up in the morning. They are trying to build an audience, and blogging on someone elses blog helps them do just that. Who can blame them? This kind of guest blogging isnt dead. It is the ideal form of guest blogging, and Matt Cutts is actually saving it. How Matt Cutts Saved Guest Blogging With every good thing there is at least one bad thing that comes with it. Life is full of tradeoffs. With email, we got spam. With the browser, we got pop-ups. With Twitter, we got direct messages. For every channel that can be used for good, there is a way to abuse it and use it for something bad. There are always opportunities for spammers to spread their spam. Matt Cutts is trying to scare them off. He is doing exactly what we need him to do. Since the beginning, spammers have been using and abusing guest blogging because Google was telling them that it would help. Linkbacks were so obviously tied to search rankings, and guest blogging was an easy way to get those linkbacks. Google was, essentially, enabling them. In January, Cutts put a stop to it. He told them that rather than helping them, guest blogging was going to start hurting them. He was trying to scare spammers off, not you.   He was trying to tell you to keep going. He was secretly whispering to you guest blogging isnt really dead, I am just fixing it for you. By scaring away the riff-raff, he is creating a panacea, a solution to the endless emails promising free content for links, a solution for an endless supply of poorly written posts. The spammers will go away, and we real bloggers can finally get back to work. All I can say is thank you, Matt. Thanks for killing guest blogging so that we can finally start fresh. Learning How To Guest Blog, Again So, if the death blow from Google is really more of a starting point rather than an ending point, where should we go next? It only makes sense that we redefine the rules and learn how to guest blog all over again. Rule #1: Guest Blogging Is For Serious People The first step is to realize who guest blogging is for. No longer is it for semi-pro SEOs and link builders. Instead, it is for those who want to better establish themselves as experts in their field. It  is for bloggers who take what they do seriously, and do it for the love of creating and sharing great content. Rule #2: Guest Blogging Is For Building Your Reputation Guest gives us a chance to write in front of a new audience. This gives us the ability to earn their trust and respect directly, by appearing on a blog they already trust. If we blog well, we may be able to keep their attention over the long term on our own blog. Guest blogging isnt about SEO anymore (although  there are still benefits). Now, it is about building trust and reputation. Rule #3: Guest Blogging Is For The Audience The beauty of the guest post is that we are able to take someone elses audience and make it our own. It is the perfect give-and-take. As writers, we get attention and exposure to a new audience, and as blog owners we get fresh content that will hopefully engage and excite our audience. My own guest post about  long-form content,  over on the Spin Sucks blog,  is a great example. I was able to establish my role in content marketing while encouraging a lively debate and discussion. It was a win for everyone. Rule #4: Guest Blogging Isnt For Links If you are only worried about links back to your stuff, then guest blogging simply isnt for you. Move on. Rule #5:  Guest Blogging Should Come With Simple Expectations If we are going to be participating in guest blogging, we need to know what to realistically expect from the experience. Huge traffic? Probably not. Fame and fortune? Certainly not. Trust and value? Yes please. Guest blogging is no longer about the quick win (with super-sized links!!!!). It is now a long-term tactic. It is really about personal brand building more than anything else, and that means that we need to go into it with simple expectations instead of grandiose visions of traffic and Google juice.

Mental health (nursing) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Mental health (nursing) - Essay Example Unfortunately, not every has been blessed with sanity. That is, there are millions of people living whose defected minds cannot cope up with the fast-paced world of today. When a person is not mentally fit, he is said to have a mental disorder. This is a psychological or behavioral defect that causes a disability that hinders normal human development. A mental disorder causes one to be labeled as ‘abnormal’, causing severe distress to the patient. There are many different categories of mental disorders - anxiety disorders, mood disorders, dissociative disorders, psychotic disorders, personality disorders, development disorders, sleeping disorders and even eating disorders (Radcliffe, 2000). There is no one cause for every disorder; it is usually explained by a biopsychosocial model, which is the interaction of biological, psychological and social causes (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2007). Mental disorders may not be cured entirely, but there is extensive treatment available. Psychotherapy is one of the basic methods along with medication. A psychologist cannot prescribe medication to the mental patient; a psychiatrist suggests medicines based on the diagnosis. Diagnosis is based on the patient’s history taken by the doctor as there is no other way for him to determine how the patient is feeling. There are many subgroups of the types of medicines available for mental patients – anti depressants (for producing happy hormones and lifting up a person’s mood), anxiolytics (for reducing anxiety and calming a person down; also prescribed for insomnia), mood stabilizers (using for bipolar disorders – extreme mood conditions), antipsychotics (for problems such as schizophrenia), and lastly stimulants (for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). These medicines are required for a mental patient to remain sane at times; however, there are adverse affects caused by adherence and excessive intake. Psychotherapy is a method which takes a

Article Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Article Analysis - Essay Example Targeting the investors and potential investors in the Canadian stock exchange, the article warns them of the imminent crisis that has already started taking shape on the economy of Canada. It also targets the policymakers who are supposed to take into account the pitfalls and offer solutions of how the situation can be improved. According to them, an investor who opts to hold their investments in the Canadian BMO Capital Market Authority or any investment banks in the country risk making losses from their investments. They provide evidence supporting their hypothesis which indicates a losing trend that the Loonie has been facing in the recent years. Basically, the subject of their argument is the contribution of the oil crisis to the poor performance of the Canadian dollar in relation to other currencies and the U.S. dollar. Other contributing factors to soring the situation have been discussed, which include low buying of the government bonds and the decreasing demand for Canadaâ⠂¬â„¢s triple-A-rated sovereign debt. The poor performance of the loonie against other currencies prompted Walter & Karen to write this article. Most importantly however, it was the poor sale of the country’s crude oil that made the issue more serious warranting their reference to the poor performance of the currency. The fact that Canada’s oil prices have been performing poorly in reference to other oil producing states is evidence to this. Trading at about $ 65 a barrel, the Canadian oil poorly performs against international oil prices. In the article, 'Loonie' Slips on Oil Patch Walter & Karen explores the influence of Canada’s oil reserves on the performance of the Canadian dollar. While the global crude oil prices have remained competitively high, the poor price of the Canadian oil proves to be a liability to the country’s economy and exchange rate. The major contributing factor of this trend is the boom in the U.S. oil in the Northern American regio n. A barrel of the Canadian oil trades at only $65 dollars, while the international market prices stand at $115 per barrel. Contrary to other currencies that move along with the changes in the oil prices, the loonie has been facing a downward performance against the dollar, shedding off 0.5% this year. The biggest disadvantage of the Canadian currency, points out experts is over reliance on petrol exports. The weak currency is expected to remain weak so long as the oil prices remain low. Effects of the poor prices of the oil have not only negatively influenced on the currency performance, notes Walter & Karen. The shocks of this have been felt by the economy, negatively affecting the annual economic growth which the central bank forecasted to drop from 2.3% to 2%. Moreover, the prices have also contributed to a widening trade deficit, reaching up to C$2 billion. As experts continue loosing hope in the recovery of the dollar, more investors keep pulling out of the market. Data indica tes so, as bonds have been facing a decreasing trend since June of last year, hitting the lowest point in November. As more people shy from bond buying that was the biggest source of income for the country’s funds, the face value of the currency seems to be overvalued. The oil

Edit the Actual CV to be Oriented according to the Instructions Personal Statement

Edit the Actual CV to be Oriented according to the Instructions - Personal Statement Example eted financial structures and products within accounting, client service, budgeting, and project management, financial both nationally and internationally. MBA degree holder from UNAH San Pedro Sula Honduras, and is currently pursuing Doctorate degree in Business and administration from Help University. My responsibilities demonstrate accounting expertise in taxation activities like assessable income, capital gains, and deduction and substantiation and preparation and completion of internal control systems for preparation of final statements. In addition, my strong analytical skills have enhanced my role in budgeting particularly during internal audits such that all operations remain within budget and are in accordance to financial regulations and practices. For financial analysis and management roles, I have carefully analyzed different financial information for provision of direction and support, optimal funds utilization, identifying recommendations, and guaranteeing that all operations are within the required budget. I am an accomplished project manager with demonstrated competent ability to lead projects to triumphant ends, coach and mentor other team members to develop their project management skills and allowing them to manage parts of the project. My experience in multinati onal organizations have enabled me to manage and lead numerous cross-sectional teams to represent all organizational interest in a system, product, or service as a means of vast communication, easy alignment, and building better products. Managed by oversee the implementation of a new asset management control of all asset management operations according to IPSAS , to guarantee support of control and best practice, effective internal controls and procedures, and proactive approach to meet costs while sharing best practices, regulations and requirements to be applied in operations. Developed and implemented a coaching programs and tools for my team focusing on timely and efficient

Influence Of Demographics On Leadership Styles

Influence Of Demographics On Leadership Styles Quantitative research methodology were applied in this study to identify leadership styles in current state Islamic Banking managers need to be successful in their position, This study also integrated quantitative methodology to explain current state Islamic Banking leaders in terms of their demographics and leadership styles. The primary purpose of this study was to identify and describe the leadership styles of current managers or leaders in Islamic Banking, in terms of their leadership styles and their demographics (autocratic, democratic, and laissez faire),( gender, age, Tenure) in describing current managers. Introduction Managers are people who do things right, while leaders are people who do the right thing. People who can influence the behaviors of others, Are able to influence without having to rely on force, are accepted by others as leaders, who exhibit the leadership practice Challenge the Process are not bound by the status quo, are open to innovation, and encourage risk-taking within the organization, Inspire a Shared Vision are able to look ahead and see what the organization can be while at the same time enlisting the efforts of others in the achieving the common goals of the organizational vision, By engaging in behaviors characteristic of the Enabling Others to Act practice transfer power to others in the culture of the organization, participate others in the decision making processes and ultimately build trust and mutual respect between each other. Leaders also Model the Way set examples by adhering to the same rules and expectations of others within the organization, also utilize the Encourage the Heart practice recognize the contributions of individuals and celebrate the accomplishments of others. This paper, therefore addressed the following specific objectives: 1. Does leadership styles matter? 2. To explain the influence of demographic variables (gender, age, Tenure) on the leadership styles. History In order to begin understanding the concept of leadership, we must be aware of the theories of leadership as a whole. (Yukl 2002) classified practical research and leadership theories into five approaches: the trait approach, the behavioral approach, the power-influence approach, the situational approach, and the integrative approach. Studies that have been conducted within these approaches to leadership have made distinct contributions to our understanding of what leadership is, and each approach continues to influence our thinking about leadership as a process (Nahavandi). Approaches The Trait Approach: leadership mentioned specific attributes of leaders such as individuality, motives, values, and skills (Yukl 2002). The basic statement that guided the trait leadership studies was that leaders possessed certain traits that other people did not possess. In real meaning, the trait approach assumed that leaders were born, not made. The Behavioral Approach: After the studies conducted using the trait approach failed to produce certain result, many researchers began using a behavioral approach to study leadership. Researchers began looking into what leaders actually did on the job (Yukl 2002). According to Yukl, research conducted under the behavioral approach falls into one of two subcategories: how leaders benefit from their time and the typical pattern of actions, tasks, and functions of their jobs, and identifying effective leadership behavior. The Power-Influence Approach: According to (Yukl 2002), this type of approach to leadership involves the study of the influence that takes place between leaders and other people. Studies that have been conducted with this approach generally focused on leadership in terms of the amount of power possessed by a leader, the different types of power, and how power was exercised (Yukl 1989). The Situational Approach: The situational approach mentioned the importance of appropriate factors in the study of leadership. (Yukl 1989, 2002) identified the following contextual factors: the leaders authority and maturity, and the units who can perform leader tasks, the personality of the followers, the type of organization, and the nature of the exterior environment. The Integrative Approach: Researchers using the integrative approach to leadership consist of more than one type of leadership variable, such as trait, behavior, influence processes, and situational variables (Yukl 2002). (Bass 1990: 52-76) stressed the importance of including more than one type of leadership variable in research involving leaders and leadership when he stated, cognitive, behavioral, and interactional explanations are likely to be needed to account fully for leader-follower relations and outcomes from them. He further stated that leadership must be conceived in terms of the interaction of variables that are in constant flux. Leadership theories such as charismatic and transformational leadership are good examples of an integrative approach to leadership. These theories are broader in scope: they simultaneously involve leader traits, power, behavior, and situational variables (Yukl 1989: 270). Leadership Styles (Bass 1990) He talked about leadership as a procedure of interaction, between individuals and groups that includes a structured or restructured situation. Leadership can be explained as the ability of an individual to have power that focuses on how to establish directions by adapting forces (Go et al. 1996). From an organizational view, (Schermerhorn 1999) believed that most important is a process used to motivate and to influence others to work hard in order to achieve and Support organizational goals, while (Hersey et al. 2001) believed that leadership effect individuals behavior based on individuals and organizational goals. (Robbins 2001) defined leadership as the ability of an individual to affect the behavior of a group to achieve organizational goals. It is possible to conclude from these discussions that leadership is a group of phenomena, where by leaders are distinctive from their followers, and can influence individuals activities to achieve set goals in their organizations. Leadership style is defined as the pattern of behaviors that leaders display during their work with and through others (Hersey and Blanchard 1993). (Miller et al. 2002) view leadership style as the way of interactions between leaders and followers. It includes controlling, directing, definitely all techniques and methods used by leaders to motivate followers to follow their directions. According to (Kavanaugh and Ninemeier 2001), there are three factors that determine the type of leadership style: leaders characteristics, subordinates characteristics and the organization environment. More specifically, the personal background of leaders such as personality, knowledge, values, and experiences shapes their feelings about appropriate leadership that determine their specific leadership style; employees also have different personalities, backgrounds, expectations and experiences, for example, employees who are more knowledgeable and experienced may work well under a democratic leadership style, while employees with different experiences and expectations require a autocratic leadership style. Some factors in the organization environment such as organizational climate, organization values, composition of work group and type of work can also influence leadership style. However, leaders can adapt their leadership style to the perceived preferences of their subordinates (Wood 1994). Leadership styles can be classified depend on leaders power and behavior as autocratic, democratic, and laissez-faire, where styles are distinguished by the influence leaders have on subordinates (Mullins 1998) (Rollinson 2005). More specifically, power has been considered as: the potential of a process to influence people (Hersey et al. 2001); a part of the influence process at the middle of leadership (Northouse 2004); and the rights that allow individuals to take decisions about specific matters (Rollinson 2005). The influence of leadership will change depending on types of power used by a leader over their followers (Mullins 1998). Therefore, leaders will be more effective when they know and understand the appropriate usage of power (Hersey et al. 2001). According to (Kavanaugh and Ninemeier 2001) an autocratic style is embedded in leaders who have authority for decision making without sharing it with their subordinates, while a democratic style implies that leaders share their a uthority of decision making with employees, and finally a laissez-faire style exists where leaders give their employees least authority over decision making. Transformational and Transactional Leadership Styles (Burns 1978) talked about leadership styles as transactional and transformational leadership, these styles are at the opposite ends of the same scale. He mentioned that transactional leadership is a way on interactions between leaders and followers in which something of value was exchanged, such as rewards for performance, however, transformational leadership occurring when leaders and followers interacted in such a way to achieve a high level of motivation in both the leader and the follower are in the same road. (Bass 1985) mentioned that the leader should involve in both transactional and transformational leadership behaviors. Transformational leadership is not an alternative for transactional leadership, but rather tends to add to its effectiveness (Bass 1997). Bass mentioned that the transactional leader as individual who worked within the organizational culture of the group to know and explain the duties and tasks of followers to achieve the targeted objectives and outcomes. These outcomes were achieved when the leader negotiate with followers (Bass 1985). In other words, transactional leaders explain to followers what is required of them and then negotiate with them to see if they understood the requirements, either the promise of reward for good performance or the threat of punishment for bad performance (Bass 1990). (Bass 1985,1990) identified four characteristics of transactional leaders: contingent reward: This means when the followers stick to the order and achieved the requirements set by the leader, then the leader give the followers a bonus or reward for their performance. Active management by exception: In which the leaders monitor and control mistakes of followers and take actions to correct it. Passive management by exception: In which the leader only intervenes in a followers work if the requirements are not met. Finally, laissez-faire leadership in which the leader avoids responsibility and decision-making when performance and goals are not met. Laissez-faire leadership can actually be considered a non-leadership factor as it represents the absence of leadership (Northouse 2001). Bass characterized transformational leaders as persons who encourage followers to do more than they originally expected to maximize their original level of confidence towards accomplishing desired outcomes. Transformational leadership occurs when a leader: increase the level of understanding about the importance and value of desired outcomes, expands the wants and needs of followers, and gets followers to exceed their own self-interest for the sake of the group (Bass 1985). (Bass 1990) identified four characteristics of transformational leaders: charisma in which the leader is able to provide followers with a mental picture, send out a logic mission, gain respect and trust, and inspire belief in followers, inspiration in which the leader provides examples and patterns for the follower through symbols and images, emotional appeals, and communicating high expectations, intellectual stimulation in which the leader stimulates followers to think in new ways, increase intelligence and wisdom, and encourage problem solving. Individualized consideration in which the leader provides a helpful and coaching environment such that each follower is treated as a valued individual. Relationship between Leadership Style and Leadership / Management Theory Some studies have mentioned the differences between management and leadership to the difference between transactional and transformational leadership. (Bennis and Nanus 1997) noted that management normally consists of a set of exchanges whereas the end result of leadership is empowerment, this results of exchange leads to a clear success of any individuals. From this standpoint, management can be viewed from tow perspectives; one is performed by transactional leaders while the other can be seen as those activities performed by transformational leaders. Management and leadership are different in functions, however, we cant separate management from leadership because we have an amount of overlap exists between the two. Any organizations need both effective management and leadership to reach the desired outcomes. The role of management can be compared to transactional leadership in which followers must meet the expectations of their leaders based on contracts and performance requirements. Under most situations, this may be an effective way. Influence of Demographics on Leadership Styles Numerous studies have been conducted in the field of leadership that has addressed the influence of selected demographic characteristics of individuals on their leadership style. Some studies have focused on the influence of the characteristics on the self-perceived leadership style of the individual, others have focused on the perceptions of followers related to an individuals leadership style and the influence of these characteristics, and still others have involved the perceptions of both the leaders and their followers. (Krishnan and Park 1998) noted that demographic characteristics do exert considerable influence on the leadership styles of top managers. (Hambrick and Mason 1984) proposed that demographic traits such as age, tenure in an organization, functional area background, educational background, and degree of formal management training are all important aspects of leadership that influence organizational success. Gender: Differences in leadership styles between men and women are one of the most well researched aspects of leadership. There are two major schools of thinking on gender differences and leadership, one that says there are distinct differences and the other that says there are no differences in the preferred leadership styles of men and women, several studies have been conducted to determine if male or female leaders are more transformational. (Eagly and Johnson 1990) found that women tend to use a more participative and comprehensive style while men tend to use a more order and controlling style. This result indicates that women use more transformational styles while men use more transactional styles. This conclusion is supported by other studies that found women more likely to use transformational leadership than men and that men were more likely to use transactional leadership as their primary style (Druskat 1994) ( Rosener 1990). Age: Several studies examining the relationship between age and leadership style have been conducted organizations other than Extension. (Vroom and Pahl 1971) Talked about the older and younger managers, the older managers tend to be more commitment than the younger managers, more careful about things and decision, not been acceptable of risks and challenges, otherwise, younger managers had less commitment and prefers to take risks on their actions. Tenure: Studies have been conducted that evaluate the relationship between an individuals leadership style and their tenure within an organization as well as their tenure in leadership positions. (Bantel and Jackson 1989) found that the more tenure of the top management team within the independent financial institutions they studied had; the more likely they were to resist innovation and organizational change. In real meaning, if managers had more tenure with in any organization, he tried to resist all Improvements can affects the whole company. Lebanese case The Role of Islamic Banking: Islamic banking was created to concern and develop on the communities that it serves. Islamic banking requires promoting the ideal of successful society and secure economy, based on the Islamic ideas of social equality, ethics and empathy. Islamic banking challenges the concept of disparity in offering banking services to people of various social standings and endeavor for social tuning between different classes. Yet, Islamic banking is a commercially applicable way of banking, which shows an alternative financial architecture on economic base. Evolution of Islamic Banking: Recent Islamic banking practices can be tracked hundreds of years back to the days of Prophet Mohamad. At that time, the Prophet performed as a mudarib or agent for his wife Khadiga who contingent him with a certain capital or goods for trade. Afterwards, the Prophet (PBUH) reimbursed the capital and the profit was shared between the two parties. Throughout the years, Muslim bankers and religious scholars struggled to devise financial instruments that integrate Islamic values with banking activities. Though profit was important, nevertheless, said instruments were needed to promote ethical and transparent financing, equitable distribution of wealth, and equity participation in the economy. In the late 50s, the first efforts to create an Islamic financing environment emerged in Pakistan. Nevertheless, modern Islamic banking first appeared, on a small scale, in Egypt early in the 60s. Following the oil boom in the 70s, Islamic banking flourished in the Arab world, and then spread out into the Middle East, Iran, and Southeast Asia. In the mid 70s, the worlds first full-fledged Islamic bank was established in UAE. Because of its ethical and moral principles, Islamic banking has gradually succeeded in achieving universal acceptance and attracted funds from both Muslims and non-Muslims alike. Currently, more than 300 Islamic banks are present on the five continents of the world, operating in more than 60 different countries such as the UK, the US, France, Germany, Denmark, Luxembourg, Switzerland, the Bahamas, Cyprus, Pakistan, India, and of course the Arab world. With an annual growth rate of 15% to 20%, Islamic banks assets exceeded $ 500 billion by end of 2007. Islamic banking is maintaining its impressive growth worldwide, yet at a faster pace than conventional banking, to become an actual globalization phenomenon. Islamic banking was introduced to the Lebanese market in the early 90s under a commercial banking license. All transactions strived to offer conventional banking products and services in compliance with Sharia based on two regulations. Fiduciary contracts law. Investment banking general directives. DATA COLLECTION The targeted area contains all managers who worked at Islamic banking; This study used one mechanism to collect data from one matched sampling frames in Islamic banking. Using leadership styles mechanism for managers. The leadership styles questionnaire was adapted from the leadership styles survey originally consisting of 18 statements This questionnaire is designed to measure three common styles of leadership: authoritarian, democratic, and laissez-faire, A five points scale was used in the instruments, where (1) equals strongly disagree, and (5) equals strongly agree. The questionnaires were handed over to the HR departments who in turn distributed 160 leadership styles questionnaires to the managers. From the respondents returned 110 out of 160, usable survey in this study was 110 questionnaires for data analysis. Also examine the Demographic characteristics of the participants on leader ship styles: One hundred and ten managers participated in this study. One hundred were males and the others were females. Most participants (n=78) were aged between 26- 35 years. The majority of participants (n=96) were degree holders. The highest number of participants (n=40) had 2-4 years of service. The majority of participants (62) were middle managers Analysis discussion Internal consistency tests were conducted on instrument. The results indicated an overall percentage of leadership styles. The details of these results are shown in Table: Internal consistency of the instrument % Autocratic style 36 Democratic style 63 Laissez -faire style 11 According to (White and Lippitt), democratic leader possesses low goals and means control, and utilizes high motivation of group procedures. Leadership style refers to a way of behavior used by managers and leaders across a wide range of managerial situations. These styles that are largely responsible for creating the organizational environment in which team members are expected to perform. Islamic Banking shows that the most effective leaders use a wide range of styles, adapting readily to the needs of particular situations and accurately choosing the right styles for the moment. I did find that a democratic leadership style was the most popular and successful of the three types. However, there was little suggestion with democratic leaders achieved that increases productivity or superior behavior among their members. I do caution with laissez-faire leaders to remain aware of the risk that require of structure can actually be troublemaking. In this study, managers showed different leadership styles preferences based on their demographic profiles (age, gender, and education), tenure and organizational position. This study showed that males, older managers, degree holders, experienced managers, and middle managers had a higher preference toward democratic leadership styles than other styles based on leadership styles questioner above. These findings are consistent with some previous findings such as those by Yousef (1998) who found that managers age, education, and experience had a relationship with their leadership style. Oshagbemi and Gill (2004) indicated differences among leadership styles based on hierarchal level. On the other hand, this study also disagrees with previous work such as Yousef (1998) who showed that managers gender and tenure did not have a relationship with their leadership style. Rad and Yarmohammadin (2006) found no link with demographic profiles other than experience. The current study, therefore, concludes that all leadership styles exist in Islamic banking, but that the democratic style was the prevalent leadership styles. Recommendations Conclusion As with any academic study, there are limitations that limit the generalizability of this study. The first limitation that must be considered is related to the nature of the Bank being studied. Because this study will be conducted within the Islamic Bank State Research, Education, which is a unique Bank in terms of its structure and function, the findings, will not be generalizable to other organizations. The study will even so contribute useful information and recommendations for researchers. Based upon the findings and conclusions of this study, the following recommendations were made: Understanding leadership style helps to classify strengths and weaknesses. You can be positive and more successful as a leader by strategically using strengths and focusing on weaker points. Leadership style defines standards and perspective, and being aware of it will support your communication with other followers. As the saying goes, knowledge is a strong weapon and power tool. You can give power to yourself and move forward in job or importance by increase this knowledge. In this study, gender had no effect on overall leadership styles, perceived proficiency in the leadership styles areas. Based on this finding, gender should not be a basis of discrimination when hiring Islamic bank leaders. The study found that there were also significant differences in leadership style due to managers demographic characteristics, and that the democratic leadership style was preferred among managers, I suggest that most successful leaders are able to adjust their behavior as circumstances dictate to effect positive outcomes. Finally, I recommend that Islamic bank leaders remain focused on addressing concerns within their control, such as implementing best practices, promoting , organized and unified team, determining specific roles and responsibilities for members, adhering to the agreed upon decision-making process, and regularly assessing fees.